Any noun can be replaced by a pronoun. Personal pronouns refer to living beings, things or contexts.
All German pronouns can be expressed not only in the nominative, but in all the other grammatical cases, too (accusative, dative and genitive). In other words, they can be inflected. Personal pronouns in the accusative are listed here:
| Nominative | Accusative | |||||
| Singular | 1st person: | ich | mich | |||
| 2nd person: | du | dich | ||||
| 3rd person: | er/sie/es | ihn/sie/es | ||||
| Plural | 1st person: | wir | uns | |||
| 2nd person: | ihr | euch | ||||
| 3rd person: | sie | sie |
Personal pronouns in the accusative answer the question "Wen?" (whom):
Examples:
Ich liebe dich!
Wen liebe ich? – Ich liebe dich.
Ich vermisse dich!
Wen vermisse ich? – Ich vermisse dich.