Grammar

Placement of direct and indirect objects in a sentence

In a German declarative sentence the subject is often at the beginning of the sentence, followed by the verb. If the sentence has an object, it follows the verb.

Some sentences have just one object.

Examples:
Ich öffne den Umschlag. (accusative object)
Sie werden das Orakel nie finden! (accusative object)
Der Umschlag gehört mir. (dative object)

But some sentences can have more than one object.

Gib    mir    den Umschlag.
    Dativobjekt   Akkusativobjekt

 

The order of the objects in a sentence depends on whether the object is a noun, noun phrase (i.e. a noun + words that modify the noun, such as an article or adjective) or a pronoun.

In this case, the following word order usually applies:

If both objects are nouns or noun phrases, then the dative object usually precedes the accusative object.

Harry gibt    Anna    den Umschlag.
    dative object
noun
  accusative object
noun phrase

 

Anderson gibt    dem Mann    die Informationen.
    dative object
noun phrase
  accusative object
noun phrase

 

If the object is replaced by a pronoun, then the pronoun precedes the noun or noun phrase.

Gib    mir    den Umschlag!
    dative object
pronoun
  accusative object
noun phrase

 

Anderson hat Informationen. Er gibt   sie    Harry.
    accusative object
pronoun
  dative object
noun

 

If pronouns are used to replace both objects, then the accusative object precedes the dative object.

Examples:
Anderson hat Informationen.
Gib mir den Umschlag!

Er gibt   sie   dir.
Gib   ihn   mir!
    accusative object
pronoun
  dative object
pronoun